BOT 197 - ETHNOBOTANY

Experimental course for ( BOT 105)

SSCI 3 credits

Summer Term I – 27 May to 3 July 2008

Mon-Thurs 11:15 am to12:50 pm

DA-105

INSTRUCTOR: Kaeo Bradford

OFFICE: DA -111

OFFICE HOURS: 10am to 11am

TELEPHONE: 455-0225 (voicemail)

EMAIL: jbradfor@hawaii.edu

COURSE DESCRIPTION

Ethno-botany is an introduction to the study of the role of plants in cultures. The special emphasis of this study is Polynesian introduced plants, some native plants, and their role in Hawaiian culture, particularly during the Pre-Cook period.

The concepts of the course will cover how Polynesians brought their traditional plants to Hawaii, how these plants influenced and impacted the human culture including information on economic importance of the plants, and Hawaiian practices, both sacred and secular uses, associated with plant use.

LEARNING OUTCOMES, SKILLS & COMPETENCIES

• Ability to discuss and identify plants of major importance in various aspects of Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islands cultures.
• Describe general plant structures, parts of the plants that have been utilized, their specific uses and methods of propagation.
• Describe the methods of propagation of economic plants.
• Distinguish between native and introduced plants.
• Identify significant plants of Hawaiʻi by their Hawaiian names and common names.
• Identify fifty significant plants of Hawaiʻi by their two-part scientific names.

COURSE TASKS

To succeed in this class, students must complete the following and earn at least 70% of the total points.

Tasks: Possible points:

Three exams @100points ea. 300

Writing Assignments @ 10pt. ea 100

Workshop participation 2@25ea. 50

Poster project Presentation or SL* 25

Attendance @ 5points a day x 25 125

Total possible points 600

Note: The grading is based on the percentage of total points earned during the duration of the course and not a class curve. The final grades will be assigned as follows:

90% and above - A

80% - 89% - B

70% - 79% - C

60% - 69% - D

59% and below - F

ADDITIONAL GRADING INFORMATION

• Exam make-ups will be permitted only in the event of an emergency. The student must contact the instructor before the exam, to determine whether the student will be allowed to make-up the exam. It is the student’s responsibility to make contact with the instructor.
• There will be opportunities to enrich your experiences gained in this class through service-learning. You may perform service learning in lieu of the poster research project and demonstration. A minimum of 20 hours of work over the course of the semester must be performed, and the student will be responsible for keeping track of the hours. In addition, the student will be required to write a (3pp.) paper at the end of the service-learning period. See instructor for further details.
• It is best if the student focuses on doing well on assignments, but some extra credit may be earned through volunteer work and other opportunities.
• Students who officially withdraw by the end of the erase period will have the course erased from their transcripts. Students who officially withdraw by the end of the withdrawal period will receive a “W” grade on their transcript Students who do not officially withdraw may be subject to a grade of “F.” If is the students responsibility to know these dates.
• The “I” grade will be given only for reasons considered legitimate by the instructor. The student must consult with the instructor as to what will be required to complete the course and when the work must be done.
• Any additional extra credit work must have prior approval from the instructor.

WRITING ASSIGNMENTS

Students must follow specific writings requirements for the course in order to receive full credit for any work done. See below for specifications:

1. Standard white 81/2x11 size paper will be used.
2. A 1” border will be assigned to all pages.
3. Standard font: Times new Roman or similar, should be used, no larger or smaller than 12 point font size.
4. In the use of Hawaiian words, the correct diacritical markings should be used at all times and the use of Hawaiian language for proper names and is highly encouraged.
5. Students must cite all bibliography sources using correct MLA or APA writing styles. No website sources will be accepted on any research papers or for presentations for this course. A minimum of at least three sources will be used for any assignments.
6. Informational papers must have a title or topic and be written in an essay style with a beginning introduction, middle, and ending conclusion.
7. Identify yourself with your full name at the top left hand corner followed by the course, instructor’s name, and date, with the title or topic centered in the middle. This part is single-spaced. The essay will follow double-spaced.

Example:

Jane Doe

Introduction to Ethno-botany 197

Kumu Kaeo Bradford, Instructor

Today’s date

History of the Migrations of the Polynesian People

CLASS ATTENDANCE

Attendance will be taken for each class and points will be given. Points are given for participation that day. If you did not attend, that means, no participation and no points will be allocated. If an absent occurs due to emergencies, please notify the instructor before the start of class.

LEARNING RESOURCES AND MATERIALS

Required:

1. Isabella Abbot. La’au Hawai’i
2. Beatrice Krauss. Ethno-botany of Hawaii.

Recommended:

1. Te Rangi Hiroa (Sir Peter Buck) Arts and Crafts of Hawai’i.
2. David Malo. Hawaiian Antiquities.
3. Beatrice Krauss. Plants in Hawaiian Culture.
4. Dave Reedy & Will McClatchy. Introductory Ethnobotany Video Series..Hawaiʻi

- www.botany.hawaii.edu/ethnobotany/

Other noted sources:

5. Kerin E. Lilleeng-Rosenberger. Growing Hawai’i’s Native Plants.
6. W. Arthur Whistler. Wayside Plants of the Islands.
7. - Flowers of the Pacific Island Seashore.
8. Abbot & Huisman. Marine Green and Brown Algae of the Hawaiian Islands.
9. Patrick Vinton Kirch. Feathered Gods & Fishhooks.
10. Samuel M. Kamakau. The People of Old.
11. - Works of the People of Old.
12. - Tales & Traditions of the People of Old.
13. June Gutmanis. Nā Pule Kahiko –Ancient Hawaiian Prayers.
14. Mary k. Pukui. ʻŌlelo Noʻeau-Hawaiian Proverbs & Poetical Sayings.
15. Pukui & Elbert. Hawaiian Dictionary.

SUMMER 2008, TERM I - ETHNOBOTANY, BOT 197

WEEK 1	TOPIC/DISCUSSION	READINGS	QUIZ/EXAM	OTHER
	INTRODUCTION, Oli Pale Chant
Sect. 1-A	HISTORY & MIGRATIONS	Krauss - See Maps & Plant distribution around the world Ppg. 1-7
	- Arrival of Polynesians and their plants - First Hawaiians and their plants - Early food plants of the South Pacific - Plant Dispersal	Food Plant distribution around the world. Abbott, ppg.1-6		Video: Children of the long Canoes -Voyage of Discovery - harmony with nature - kapu & gods/goddesses
	Plant Taxonomy Identification: - Parts of a leaf - Leaf shapes, incised, apex, venation, compound, - Stems - Roots	Krauss, ppg. 229-245
Sect. 1-B	EVOLVING RELATIONSHIPS TO LAND & CROPS	Abbott, ppg. 7-14
	- Early settlement and Development periods - Expansion Period (A.D. 1100-1650) - Ahupua’a Systems – - Introduced plants	Krauss, ppg 12-15		Videro,Ahupua’a,Fishponds & Lo’i
	- Basic planting methods - Social changes in Expansion Period			Campus Walk
Sect. 1-C	RELIGIOUS DIMENSIONS OF HAWAIIAN AGRICULTURE	Abbott, ppg.15-22		Visit Heiau Kåneaki
	- Gods, goddesses, & their Kinolau - Religious site & temples - Religious prohibitions - Seasonal calendar - Rituals & Makahiki			-pictures
WEEK 2	TOPIC/DISCUSSION	READINGS	QUIZ/EXAM	OTHER
Sect. 2-A	STAPLE CROPS, KALO & ‘UALA	Abbott, ppg. 23-32
	- Kalo Tradition & Ancestry of the Hawaiians - Biological Origins & Diversity of Kalo - Growing Practices - Preparation & Consumption	Krauss, ppg. 211-214		Visit Loʻi
	- ‘Uala, Origins - Varieties - Planting practices - Preparation	Krauss, ppg. 192-197		-pictures
	Plant Taxonomy Contd. - Parts of a flower - flower arrangement on a stem	Krauss, ppg. 229-245
	Cultural uses of kiawe, arrowroot, ohe across Asia/ Pacific and Hawaii	Krauss ppg.12, 23, 31
		,
Sect. 2-B	LAND PLANTS – Used for food & Drink	Abbott, ppg. 33-44
	- Mai’a, Uhi, Kō, Tī - Cultural uses of banana, breadfruit, berries, calabash, coconut, coffee across Asia/Pacific and Hawaii.	- Krauss, 66, 47, 3 87, 219, 203, 215, 25
Sect. 2-C	SEA PLANTS – Used for food or Drink	Abbott, ppg. 45-48
	- Limu Varieties and ID - Gathering	Krauss, ppg. 8-11
	Cultural uses of ferns, gingers, gourds, guava, hau, ironwood, kamani, koa, kou, cotton, kukui, lehua across Asia, Pacific, and Hawaii.	Krauss 78, 93, 102, 63, 106, 110, 136, 132, 135, 119, 115
			First Exam	5 June 2008
WEEK 3	TOPIC/DISCUSSION	READINGS	QUIZ/EXAM	OTHER
Sect. 3-A	CLOTHING & MAKING OF KAPA	Abbott, ppg. 49-58
	- Basic of Barkcloth - Wauke and other Fiber Sources - Cultivation & Processing - Kapa Decoration - Color & Scenting	Krauss, 167-169		Visit Bishop Museum
Sect. 3-B	CORDAGE	Abbott, ppg. 59-64
	- Cultivating Olonā - ʻAha – coconut cordage - Hau Cordage - ʻIli Hau - ʻAhuʻawa - other plants used in cordage	Krauss, ppg. 174-177		Plant Propagation
	Cultural uses of Mamane, mamaki, mango, milo, moa, noni across Asia/Pacific and Hawaii	Krauss 155, 152, 159, 163, 165, 171
SECT. 3-C	HOUSING AND OTHER BUILDINGS	Abbott, ppg. 65-70
	- Overview