The quiz consists of a) 15 short answer and b) one written question. The quiz topics for the 15 short answer questions are listed below. Of these 15 questions, in general, the first seven questions are from the lecture notes, questions 8-11 are from the first readings discussion of this quiz period, and questions 12-15 are from the second readings discussion. The questions from the lecture notes will have one or two of the math problems covered in lecture.
The potential written questions are listed below.
Eight quiz questions will come from the readings discussion questions: four from the first readings discussion and four from the second readings discussion.
Seven quiz questions will come from the lecture notes, including one math problem.
Is rainfall abundant in Hawaii?
Give the average annual rainfall in Hawai'i in cm/yr.
Define perennial stream.
Define ephemeral stream.
Are most springs in Hawai'i perennial or ephemeral?
Explain why ephemeral springs are more common than perennial springs in Hawaii.
Define permeability.
Explain why runoff is low during periods of low to moderate rainfall.
Explain why runoff is rapid during periods of high rainfall.
When does most of the stream erosion in Hawai'i occur?
Describe the dominant stream profile in Hawai'i.
Explain how a stair-stepped stream profile develops.
Explain how waterfalls migrate upstream.
List the three dominant processes associated with erosion in Hawai'i.
List the three stages in the geomorphic cycle of valley formation.
Describe the shape of a young valley.
Describe the position of the stream in a young valley.
Is erosion or deposition greater in the youth stage?
Give an example of a region in Hawaii with many young valleys.
Describe the shape of a mature valley.
Describe the position of the stream in a mature valley.
Is erosion or deposition greater in the maturity stage?
Give an example of a region in Hawaii with many mature valley or name a mature
valley on O'ahu.
Describe the shape of a old valley.
Is erosion or deposition greater in the old age stage?
Give an example of a region in Hawaii with many old valleys or name an old
valley on O'ahu.
Give an example of an amphitheater-headed valley in Hawaii.
Describe the shape of an amphitheater-headed valley.
Explain why more streams form in the head region of a valley.
Explain why the head region of a valley widens faster than the mouth region.
Explain why the valley walls in the head region of a valley experiences more
erosion than the mouth region.
Describe a vertical valley.
Explain why the mouth region of a valley experiences less erosion than the
head region.
Explain why the head regions of adjacent valleys "touch" before the
mouth regions.
Describe the ridge in the head region between two adjacent valleys that "touched."
Describe the ridge in the mouth region between two adjacent valleys that "touched."
Explain why the ridge in the mouth region between two adjacent valleys is triangular-shaped.
Give the primary type of radiation radiated by the sun.
Does most solar radiation easily pass through the atmosphere?
What happens to most of the radiation that enters Earth's atmosphere?
Give the primary type of radiation reradiated from Earth's surface.
Give the mathematical relationship between inputs and outputs of radiation.
What happens to IR radiation in the atmosphere?
What are the gases that absorb IR radiation called?
List the two dominant greenhouse gases the atmosphere.
How is the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere changing?
Give the source of CO2 to the atmosphere.
What should happen as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere
increases?
What is the phenomenon of increasing atmospheric temperatures called?
Discuss the impacts of rapid global warming on the biota and human society.
The math problems for the quiz are on the Examples of Math Problems page. One question will be a math problem.
The written question will come from lecture topics
Discuss the hydrologic cycle.
Discuss orographic precipitation in Hawai'i.
Discuss streams in Hawai'i.
Discuss the geomorphic cycle.
Discuss the formation of amphitheater-headed valley in Hawaii.
Discuss the greenhouse effect.
The list of potential exam topics and written questions for the sixth quiz is complete