The final consists of two parts: questions from the new material and review questions from the previous three exams.
The exam has 18 questions from the new material:
And the exam has six questions from the old material:
Twelve short-answer questions will come from the readings discussion questions: three from each reading discussion.
Foundations of Life in the Ocean I
Foundations of Life in the Ocean II
Ocean Ecosystems I
Ocean Ecosystems II
The fourt written questions will come from lecture topics
Discuss wind-driven surface currents.
Discuss the formation of the Ekman spiral and Ekman transport.
Discuss the formation of geostrophic currents and the subtropical gyre circulation.
Draw and label the surface currents in the Pacific Ocean.
Discuss the factors that determine wave heights.
Discuss wave interference.
Discuss wave dispersion.
Discuss how the characteristics of waves change when they enter shallow water.
Discuss the three types of surf.
Explain why waves refract.
Discuss wave refraction on irregular coastlines.
Discuss longshore drift and its interaction with shoreline structures.
Discuss longshore current and rip currents.
Explain why seawalls tend to destroy beaches.
Discuss tsunamis and the Hawaiian Islands.
The potential exam topics and written questions from the new material for the final examination are complete
From the previous material, students will answer three of the following questions selected at random.
1st Exam
Discuss the density structure of Earth. (8)
Discuss the theory of sea-floor spreading. (10)
Draw and label a cross-section of an ocean basin. (8)
Discuss abyssal clays. (7)
2nd Exam
Discuss the hydrological cycle. (7)
Discuss the characteristics of the minor constituents, trace elements, and gases. (9)
Discuss the vertical variations in seawater chemistry. (9)
Discuss the transmission of light in seawater. (7)
The potential written questions from the previous material for the final examination are complete.