1. Explain why deep-water currents are called thermohaline circulation. (Also see p. 15G and fig. 10.27)
2. Give the primary energy source for both wind-driven surface currents and thermohaline currents.
3. Describe the pycnocline. (Also see figs. 10.4 and CC1.3, and p. 13G)
4. Give the depth range for the permanent pycnocline's upper boundary.
5. List the three zones in the ocean's density structure depicted in fig. 10.4a.
6. Give the latitudes where the surface zone and pycnocline pinchout, i.e. the depth decreases to zero. (See fig. 10.4)
7. Explain why little interaction occurs between the different density zones.
8. Explain why the surface zone commonly is called the mixed layer. (Also see fig. 10.22 and p. 11G)
9. Give the average depth to the base of the surface zone.
10. Explain why the mixed layer's temperature and salinity are relatively uniform vertically. (Also see fig. 10.22)
11. Explain why density rapidly increases with depth in the pycnocline. (Also see fig. 10.22)
12. Give the depth range to the base of the pycnocline.
13. Define thermocline. (Also see p. 15G and fig. 10.23)
14. Define halocline. (Also see p. 8G and fig. 10.24)
15. Explain why the high latitudes are the primary regions where surface water sinks to the deep-water zone.